Procedures input by VGP link to Kroll lab Xenopus environmental procedure SOP document at Washington University animal facility: Modified format below: A. Xenopus laevis (XLA) is an allotetraploid species which appears to have undergone whole-genome duplication after the interspecific hybridization of 2 diploid species closely related to Silurana/Xenopus tropicalis (XTR). Xenopus laevis has long been a popular model for studies of development and, ... and genetically much more convenient diploid Xenopus tropicalis (Vogel, 1999). These dual frog species boast experimental strengths for embryology including large egg sizes that develop externally, well‐defined fate maps, and cell‐intrinsic sources of nutrients that allow explanted tissues to grow in culture. Verlag der Zeitschrift für Naurforschung, Germany Google Scholar. Due to the tetraploid nature of Xenopus laevis, each of these three alpha actin genes is present in at least two copies. Component of the circadian clock or downstream effector of clock function (PubMed:12573214). Experiments were repeated three times. Xenopus laevis tropicalis. Lateral line systems, usually found in fish, detect vibrations in the water. Room temperature (controlled automatically by building … amphibians, which include Xenopus laevis (X. laevis) and Xenopus tropicalis (X. tropicalis), are one such group of animals with high regenerative capacity (Dinsmore, 1991). *Significantly greater or less (p < 0.05) than the corresponding values for controls. However, another species of frog Xenopus tropicalis can also be a source. Shook DR(1), Majer C, Keller R. Author information: (1)Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Gilmer Hall, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA. XDB is a Web data catalogue of NIBB/NIG Xenopus laevis EST project. XenOrtho DB (Xenopus Ortholog DataBase) is a database in which ortholog genes of Xenopus tropicalis, Xenopus laevis and humans are listed. Xenopus tropicalis has been developed as a model organism for developmental biology, ... Three ngn subfamilies (Ngnr1–3) have been isolated in both Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis (Nieber et al., 2009). However, X. laevis has an allotetraploid genome precluding its use in forward genetic analysis. Xenopus tropicalis (Gray, 1864) basionym: Silurana tropicalis Gray, 1864. homotypic synonym: Xenopus (Silurana) tropicalis. Xenopus laevis tropicalis. … Like Xenopus laevis, X. tropicalis was formerly used in pregnancy tests (Bergerard & Lamotte 1949). Reference: EXRC. Probable transcription factor. 1. Robust and efficient protocols for fertilization and early embryo care of Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis are essential for experimental success, as well as maintenance and propagation of precious animal stocks. Xenopus Tropicalis should be housed at 23-28 degrees C (75 -80 degrees F). Xenopus egg extract is a lysate that is prepared by crushing the eggs of the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis.It offers a powerful cell-free (or in vitro) system for studying various cell biological processes, including cell cycle progression, nuclear transport, DNA replication and chromosome segregation.It is also called Xenopus egg cell-free system or Xenopus egg cell-free extract. Kalt MR (1976) Morphology and kinetics of spermatogenesis in Xenopus laevis. They must rely on external heat sources. Download Xenopus Genomes; X. laevis 9.2 (J-Strain) on JBrowse; X. laevis 9.2 (J-Strain) on UCSC; X. laevis 1.0 (wildtype) on JBrowse; X. tropicalis 10.0 (Nigerian) on JBrowse; X. tropicalis 9.1 (Nigerian) on JBrowse; X. tropicalis 9.1 (Nigerian) on UCSC; Xenbase UCSC Track Hub; Veenstra Lab UCSC Track Hub; Other amphibian genomes on JBrowse; Expression. The rapid growth of the National Xenopus Resource has required effective implementation and optimization of these protocols. Introduction. The African Clawed Frog (Xenopus laevis) is also known to tropical fish keeping enthusiasts as the Xenopus, African Clawed Toad, or African Claw Toed frog and is the only amphibian that actually has claws. Carruthersa, S., et. Digitized images and developmental data from Nieuwkoop and Faber (1994) Normal Table of Xenopus laevis (Daudin). Ngn1 is expressed in the otic placode at early embryological stages (up to NF22), but with somewhat stronger expression in Xenopus tropicalis than in Xenopus laevis. tropicalis shares advantages of X. laevis as a classic embryologic system, but its simpler genome and shorter generation time make it more convenient for multigenerational genetic, genomic, and transgenic … It has a voracious appetite and attacks anything that passes in front of it. 1. Phosphatase which catalyzes the conversion of NADP(+) to NAD(+) and of NADPH to NADH (By similarity). Xenopi cannot raise their body temperature by producing metabolic heat. 26. It uses extremely sensitive fingers, an acute sense of smell, and its lateral line systems to locate food. If the water temperature is sub optimal... frogs will not eat and their metabolism and immune systems will be depressed. Embryos develop externally and tadpoles are transparent, features that facilitate experimental manipulation and post-factum analysis of animals (Robert and Ohta, 2009; Banach and Robert, 2017). Axeldb A database focussing on gene expression in the frog Xenopus laevis. Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis have been used extensively in developmental and cell biology, biochemistry, functional genomics and immunology. Life cycle, evolutionary position and regenerative potential of Xenopus. This is the first amphibian genome to be sequenced, enabling new insights into vertebrate evolution and the last common ancestor of tetrapods. Because X. tropicalis is diploid and X. laevis is tetraploid, important inferences can be made about genome evolution. Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) Status. Room Environmental Parameters. Xenopus Laevis should be housed at 20-23 degrees C (68-75 degrees F). The early development of Xenopus Laevis, an atlas of the histology. Shows a small preference for NADPH over NADP(+) (By similarity). Description: (Xic-GFP) 4.7 kb X. tropicalis p27 Xic1 promoter driving GFP expression in the neural tube and the eye. X. laevis is the species of frog most often used to generate egg extracts. A dye exclusion assay revealed that sperm plasma membrane integrity in both species decreased after freezing, more so for … (2016) have sequenced the genome of Xenopus laevis. The genome of X. tropicalis has been sequenced (Hellsten et al. Session et al. Garland Publishing Inc, New York ISBN 0-8153-1896-0. Likewise, X. tropicalis has been selected over X. laevis as the subject of a complete genome sequencing project for the same reason. Xenopus contains at least three sarcomeric alpha actin genes that are preferentially expressed in either heart or skeletal muscle. 2010). A transgenic line of X. tropicalis was used to examine the process of cornea-lens transdifferentiation in which green fluorescent protein (GFP) is expressed in differentiated lens cells under the control of the Xenopus gamma1-crystallin promoter element. Silurana tropicalis Gray, 1864. Xenopus tropicalis was somewhat less sensitive to 6‐AN, semicarbizide and atrazine when tested at 27 °C than at 23 °C. Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis have long been used to drive discovery in developmental, cell, and molecular biology. The two best-known species of this genus are Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis, which are studied as model organisms for developmental biology, cell biology, toxicology, neuroscience and for modelling human disease and birth defects. Is sub optimal... frogs will not eat and their metabolism and systems! 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