CULTURE OF KOLKATA:-Culture can be defined as a coalition of societal norms, characteristics, and contributions of a particular group of people towards arts, music, cuisine, beliefs, religion, and language. In 1690, Job Charnok, an agent of the East India Company chose this place for a British trade settlement. It is also just as often as not referred to as a War of Independence, and as one historian put it, "The so called First National War of Independence was neither First, nor National, nor a War of Independence". The Calcutta Municipal corporation (now renamed Kolkata Municipal Corporation) was formed and the city had its first mayor. Following similar moves elsewhere in the country, the state government changed the city's official name from Calcutta to Kolkata in 2001. Raja Nabakrishna Deb of Shobhabazar Rajbari was the earliest known ‘Babus’ of Calcutta. To the point: Like every other place, Kolkata too serves food with a slice of history, a pinch of tradition and a garnish of culture. Some of these babus were great patrons of art and literature, particularly of music. Revolutionary organisations like the Jugantar and the Anushilan Samiti were formed with the goal of using force against the British rulers. The oldest being a binocular dating back to 1850. 90 likes. It is the third oldest church in the city, next to the Armenian and the Old Mission Church. However, Shaista Khan upon hearing this ordered the closing and confiscation of all their factories and properties in Bengal and sent a large force to drive out the English from Hooghly. Other societies based on nationalist or religious thoughts were started, like the Hindu Mela. If you are Jamai of Kolkata ( greater Kolkata ) , then get ready to savor the highest level of Khatir ( hospitality ) at in law’s house tomorrow ( 27 th May – Jamai Sasthi in Bengal ) . If Bangalore is the Seattle of India, then Kolkata is the sub-contintent's London. This conference heralded the birth of The Indian National Congress. Construction of the building, modelled on St Martin-in-the-Fields of London,[10] started in 1784, with Rs 30,000 raised through a public lottery,[11] and was completed in 1787. Kolkata was the capital of the British Indian empire until 1911 when the capital was relocated to Delhi. The Elgin Road residence of Subhas Chandra Bose in Calcutta was the place from where he escaped the British to reach Germany during the Second World War. ... ( general Bengalis and babu ). Though the charm and glamour has reduced but the tradition is mostly maintained. He was able to successfully treat her burns and in reward the Emperor allowed the company to establish factory at Pipili, Odisha, and for the first time English ships arrived at an eastern port. [12], One of the most notorious incidents of the latter part of the century was the trial and execution of Nanda Kumar, who had been the governor of Hugging in 1756. Calcutta also had an indirect but important influence on the battles of the Carnatic Wars. Siraj ud-Daula escaped but was later caught and killed by Miran, the son of Mir Jafar. The puja traces its roots to more than 2 centuries back when it was started by Ramdulal Dey (Sarkar), the legendary father of Chhatu Babu and Latu Babu. After the territorial conquest of Bengal in 1757, the British East India Company pursued a monopoly on production and export of opium from India. There he remained with his soldiers in an utterly inhospitable place full of mosquitoes, snakes and tigers. ← Bengal Culture: Babu Nama : Kirtan of Babu. This was accompanied by the development of a culture that fused European philosophies with Indian tradition. [22] Kolkata received millions of refugees from what became East Pakistan without receiving substantial assistance from the central government. We can observe the impact of English on Bangla art, culture and tradition. Here's what the stars have in store for Aries, Leo, Virgo, Gemini and other zodiac signs With this friendly invitation, Mr. Job Charnock with 30 soldiers returned to Sutanuti on 24 August 1690 and hoisted the Company standard on the banks of river Hooghly, thus beginning a new era of Company involvement in Bengal. Among early nationalist leaders, the most prominent were Sri Aurobindo, Indira devi Chaudhurani, Bipin Chandra Pal. Calcutta's intellectual life received a great boost in 1784 with the foundation of the Asiatic Society of Bengal by Sir William Jones, with the encouragement of Warren Hastings, himself no mean Oriental scholar. There is much discussion about the origin of the city's name. The site was carefully selected, being protected by the Hooghly River on the west, a creek to the north, and by salt lakes about two and a half miles to the east. ", St. John's Church, originally a cathedral, was among the first public buildings erected by the East India Company after Kolkata became the effective capital of Company rule in India. At this time the governor asked them to return and settle at Hooghly, ordered them not to build any structure at Sutanuti and asked Charnock to pay a large sum of money for compensation. The fort was built on the bank of river Hooghly at Sutanuti with mortar brought from Madras, completed in ca 1701 and was called Fort William after King William III of England. (after London) and was aptly renamed "City of Palaces" and the Great Eastern Hotel was regarded as the "Jewel of the East". Swathy BABU, Master's Student of Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Kolkata | Contact Swathy BABU Kolkata Heritage: Of 19th century Bengali ... February 10, 2016 UPDATED: February 10, 2016 12:57 IST. Facebook geeft mensen de kans om te delen en maakt de wereld toegankelijker. When Madras fell to Dupleix, the British were still able to direct the war from another of their strongholds, Calcutta. A two minute walk along a bylane of North Kolkata will take you to the three storied house of Chatterjee family.
. The first factory was established in Surat in 1620 and later in Agra, and agents were further sent from these places to the eastern provinces to examine the possibility of opening factories there. As Dr. R. C. Majumdar stated in An Advanced History of India, "The Battle of Plassey may be truly said to have decided the fate of the French in India. In fact, the U.S Consulate in Calcutta is the U.S. Department of State's second-oldest consulate and dates from 19 November 1792.[21]. Babu, the chimp, is happy again as Alipore zoo gets more visitors West Bengal: Scientist duped by online fraudster in Kolkata A nostalgic ride: Coolie No. Marble Palace, Muktaram Babu Street. Year 1933. In 1883, Surendranath Banerjea organised a national conference – the first of its kind in 19th century India. As a result, Ibrahim Khan invited Mr. Charnock back to Bengal; but Mr. Charnock refused to come back until a specific Firman with terms and conditions clearly specified was issued by the Emperor so that they would not be subjected to further humiliations. Enjoy the attractions of this popular tourist spot. Though a part of the babu culture of old Kolkata surely relates to a life of lust, wealth, and debauchery, a closer look would surely bring out numerous exceptions. Kolkata grew rapidly in the 19th century to become the second city of the British Indian Empire. While not in a position to fight against the Governor's troops, two Company agents were sent to Dhaka to plead to the governor to allow them to return to Sutanuti and build a fort there. If you are Jamai of Kolkata ( greater Kolkata ) , then get ready to savor the highest level of Khatir ( hospitality ) at in law’s house tomorrow ( 27 th May – Jamai Sasthi in Bengal ) . Emperor Aurangzeb wanted to reconcile with the Company to ensure uninterrupted voyage of pilgrims to Mecca and asked his governors to make terms with them. Tag Archives: Babu Culture. To sum up in a word, the babus of Kolkata showed a magical era of wealth, grandeur, and extravagance, which gradually faded away with the century. Though a part of the babu culture of old Kolkata surely relates to a life of lust, wealth, and debauchery, a closer look would surely bring out numerous exceptions. Radha Kishore Datta an ardent and firebrand revolutionary devoted to the cause of India’s freedom had migrated to Kolkata from Purulia via Bankura to set up one of Kolkata’s first tea shop that came to be known as Radu Babu Chayer Dokan.Originally, they traded in ‘Gala’ or ‘Shellac.’ View the profiles of people named Babu da Kolkata. Radha Kishore Datta an ardent and firebrand revolutionary devoted to the cause of India’s freedom had migrated to Kolkata from Purulia via Bankura to set up one of Kolkata’s first tea shop that came to be known as Radu Babu Chayer Dokan.Originally, they traded in ‘Gala’ or ‘Shellac.’ Click on Hotel to see Additional OFF ( Upto 70% ) on Selected Kolkata Hotels in Babu Bazar, Kolkata. Whilst this matter was still awaiting investigation Nanda Kumar was indicted for forgery of a deed, condemned and executed. Mir Jafar was made the new Nawab, and the British had effectively seized control of Bengal. Mr. Peacock, the chief of the factory in Patna, was imprisoned by the governor with the assumption that he was involved in the dispute. The next year, the company began developing the city as a Presidency City. However, in the absence of specific orders the permission to defend their property was taken as a permit to build fortress and construction began immediately overnight with all available manpower. [citation needed] At this time their ships in Bengal required extensive repairs and the remainder of their fleet were considered in danger. The Mughal emperor granted East India Company freedom of trade in return for a yearly payment of 3,000 rupees. Written by Daud Haider | Updated: April 18, 2015 12:24:08 am Author Guenter Grass. 19th Century – Emergence of the Bengali Elite Class – “The Babus of Calcutta” and the first wave of Nationalism. In this situation they considered that they would be extremely fortunate if they could hold their current position instead of their desires on Chittagong and for this matter they decided to ask forgiveness from the Emperor and requested to reinstate the previously obtained Firman. The city has also experienced a growth in the manufacturing sector. This was a total failure of English objectives in Bengal during the early period of 1689 which caused them abandoning Bengal as their trading location in eastern region. The most accepted view is that it comes from the Hindu goddess Kali and the original name was KaliKshetra, "the place of Kali". Warehouses in Visakhapatnam were destroyed and many English men were captured and put to death. The intense violence caused during the partition of India led to a shift in demographics in Bengal, and especially Kolkata; large numbers of Muslims left for East Pakistan, while hundreds of thousands of Hindus arrived to take their place. See more of Babu.kolkata.7479166898 on Facebook The malls and celebrations are the essences to the city of joy. For example, the first U.S. merchant ship arrived in Kolkata in 1787. Hearing the news, Siraj ud-Daula moved to attack Calcutta, but fearing an attack from Ahmad Shah Abdali, after a few days of war he signed the Treaty of Alinagar with the East India Company, giving them permission to build the fort. In the time of British India, Calcutta was regarded as "the second city of the British Empire"[19][according to whom?] Historically, Calcutta was the centre of activity in the early stages of the national movement of independence. However the transportation costs and logistics were unfavorable and the plan was abandoned. These were taken up with enthusiasm by Hastings' rivals on the Governor General's Council, led by Philip Francis. This was the old Fort William and construction for a new one (the present one) started after Siraj Ud-Daulah attacked Fort William in 1756. In some cultures, the term 'Babu' is a term of endearment for a loved one as well. The puja traces its roots to more than 2 centuries back when it was started by Ramdulal Dey (Sarkar), the legendary father of Chhatu Babu and Latu Babu. On 29 January 1780, Hickey's Bengal Gazette or the Calcutta General Advertiser became the first newspaper to be printed in India, and is an invaluable chronicle of the social life of Anglo-Indian society in Calcutta. The early nationalists were inspired by Swami Vivekananda, the foremost disciple of the Hindu mystic Sri Ramakrishna and helped by Sister Nivedita, disciple of the former. Dr.Ujjal.K.Pal Kolkata, West bengal, India View my complete profile. From 1772 to 1911, Calcutta was the capital of British India. Renamed Netaji by poet laureate Rabindranath Tagore, he is regarded by many as perhaps the most prominent and influential freedom fighter in Indian history and is venerated in many Bengali households even today. In 1698, the Company bought three villages (Sutanuti, Kalikata and Gobindapur) from a local landlord family of Sabarna Roy Choudhury. The rent-roll of Akbar, the 16th century Mughal emperor, and the work of a Bengali poet, Bipradas Pipilai, of the late 15th century, both make mention of the city's early name's being Kolikata, from which Kolkata/Calcutta derive.[4]. Charnock arrived at Uluberia, started making a dock there, however soon started to dislike the place and wanted to return to Sutanuti. There was a strong suspicion that the charges had been invented by Hastings, and that he had put pressure on the judges to pass sentence of death. From there much of it was smuggled to Canton in China by foreign traders, eventually leading to the First Opium War (1839–1842). or simply chatting. Join Facebook to connect with Babu da Kolkata and others you may know. Ibrahim Khan allowed them to protect their own factories, but did not allow any fortification explicitly. Mr. Charnock died in January 1692. But this is perhaps only one side of the picture. Ibrahim Khan again sent letter to Mr. Charnock explaining that he had requested for the special Firman from the Emperor and it would take a few months before it arrived, and in the meantime Mr. Charnock was welcome to settle in Bengal and the governor would pay him 80,000 rupees for the goods that have been destroyed by Shaista Khan's regime. After Independence, Calcutta remained the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. The Governor's troops did not bother them there since they knew the Company would not be able to survive long there. While he was returning to Delhi, Englishmen sent with him a request to the Emperor to obtain a special firman to do business forever in Bengal; the Emperor was pleased to provide them the Firman and the occasion was celebrated with a 300 gun salute at Hooghly. horoscope Horoscope for January 17 by Astro Sundeep Kochar: Leo pay attention to your health, Gemini will get some good news today. The investment in Bengal soared, the Bengal residency was separated from Madras and Mr. Hedges was appointed as the chief officer to oversee trade in Bengal. These incidents are documented in numerous records of the East India Company and by several authors [Bruce 1810 (Vol I and II), Marshman Vol I, Unknown 1829; see references below]. Admiral Nicholson was sent with ships to attack the port at Chittagong, fortify it, make an alliance with the King of Arakan who was against the Mughals, establish a mint and collect revenue, thus making Chittagong a fort city for the Company in the eastern part. Chatu Babu Latu Babu Deb bari welcomes you to the Thakurbari's Official Page. Although Siraj ud-Daula conceded temporary defeat in the Pact of Alinagar, he once again began scheming with the French against the British. Blog Archive 2015 (1) All rights reserved. He proudly replied ", This page was last edited on 10 January 2021, at 03:27. The exhibition chronicles 19th century Kolkata. Calcutta saw the establishment of several different Western-style higher education institutions this period, including Sanskrit College (1824), Calcutta Medical College (1835), University of Calcutta (1857), Surendranath College (1885) and the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (1887), India's first research institute. The Changing Face of Calcutta: An Architectural Approach. This irritated the new Nawab of Bengal, Siraj Ud Daulah, who viewed it as a threat to his sovereignty. While the English were always looking for fortification of their factories in Bengal, Ibrahim Khan never allowed them to do so. The fact that many of the Hindus in this latter group were linked to the local Congress organisation and dominated the mainstream nationalist movement in Bengal from Calcutta led to attempts to thwart Huq's activities and fed into the tragic decline in communal relations that savaged Calcutta in 1946 and 1947 (see Kenneth McPherson, "The Muslim Microcosm: the Muslims of Calcutta 1918–1935", Steiner, Wiesbaden, 1973). Chhatu Babu Latu Babu Durga Puja is a famous Bonedi Bari Durga Puja of North Kolkata. The honorific "ji" is sometimes added as a suffix to create the double honorific "babuji" which, in northern and eastern parts of India, is a term of respect for one's father. The Babu Culture Of Kolkata Written by leenakejriwal on August 11, 2010 — Leave a Comment A walk through the narrow streets of northern Kolkata, especially through the almost ancient and crumbling neighborhoods of Shovabazar, Bagbazar, or old Chitpur, will still give you an insight on the remnants of the baroque “babu culture” of colonial Kolkata. It has long been known for its literary, artistic and revolutionary heritage. Another babu, Ramtanu Dutta, ordered his huge mansion to be washed with pure rose water twice a day! In the suburbs of Calcutta, at the Barrackpore military barracks, sepoy Mangal Pandey sparked off a huge revolt that shook the foundations of the British Empire. There were three large villages along the east bank of the river Ganges, named, Sutanuti, Gobindapur and Kalikata. His collections span across two centuries. But beyond the popular culture of the Science city and Victoria Memorial, lies the undiscovered rawness of the city. He renamed Calcutta Alinagar after the previous Nawab, and his maternal grandfather, Alivardi Khan. At the same time their saltpetre trade was disrupted by another rival English company. The rousing cry that awakened India's soul was penned by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay. It is a fine Doric-Greek style pavilion with huge pillars. The Calcutta High Court ruled in 2003[7] that Job Charnock, the Englishman generally believed to be the founder of the Calcutta, is not the founder of the city and that hence Kolkata has no birthday. Within a blink of the eye anybody will locate the house. Some of these babus were great patrons of art and literature, particularly of music. Unfortunately the plan went awry; some of the ships, due to the change in current and wind, arrived at Hooghly instead of Chittagong and anchored off the factory in Hooghly after being joined by their Madras troops. [16] After the death of his English wife, Charlotte, (who is buried in Park Street Cemetery) Hickey married a Bengali girl called Jemdanee, who died in childbirth in 1796, prompting him to write in his journal that "Thus did I lose as gentle and affectionately attached a girl as ever man was blessed with".[17]. The presence of a large number of war ships alarmed Shaista Khan and he immediately offered a truce. Francis was severely wounded, but Hastings escaped unscathed.[15]. However the peace was broken again when some Company troops misbehaved with Shaista Khan's troops in Hooghly on 28 October 1686 for which the former were severely beaten by the latter. Culture. It is an 'in your face' city that shocks and charms the unsuspecting visitor. Despite being almost totally destroyed by a cyclone, in which 60,000 died, on 5 October 1864, Calcutta grew, mostly in an unplanned way, in the next 150 years from 117,000 to 1,098,000 inhabitants (including suburbs), and now has a metropolitan population of approximately 14.6 million. Also at this time, nobles such as Jagat Seth, Mir Jafar, Rai Durlav, Omichand and Rajballav were plotting against Siraj ud-Daula (a principal reason being the Nawab's arrogance, well attested to in contemporary sources)[8] and they invited Clive to take part in their plans. Ask someone nearby about Sushil Chatterjee, and people will ponder; Noku Babu is a much familiar name in the neighbourhood. Picture courtesy: Mail Today. Government of West Bengal, Trillin, Calvin. Shaista Khan was appointed as the governor of Bengal in around 1664 by Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb and was relieved upon his request in around 1682. Shaista Khan retired from his duty as governor in ca 1689 and Ibrahim Khan was appointed as the new governor of Bengal by Emperor Aurangzeb. [29], Establishment of English trade in Bengal (1600–1700), Journey from British rule to independence, Social and intellectual life in the 18th century, The Baboo/Babu Culture and the Bengal Renaissance, Contribution to the independence movement of India, Mukerji, Dr. S.C. 1991. © 2010 Leena Kejriwal. The babus were neo-urban, high-class, flamboyant Bengali gentlemen — a class that came into being as a result of close interactions with the British in the late 18th and 19th century. They left Balasore on 13 December for Chittagong, reached there on 17 December, found the Governor's fortification too strong to destroy and decided to wait until his demands are answered by the governor. Posted on November 13, 2012 ... ( general Bengalis and babu ). On the fateful day of 23 June 1757, 23 miles away from Murshidabad in the mango groves of Palashi, the armies met at the Battle of Plassey. [14] Five years after this incident, in 1780, relations between Warren Hastings and Philip Francis deteriorated to such an extent that the two fought a duel in the grounds of Belvedere (now the National Library) on the road to the suburb of Alipore. Colonial structure, which is the sub-contintent 's London political traumas, and sold it at auction in Calcutta the... Were Sri Aurobindo, Indira devi Chaudhurani, Bipin Chandra Pal Sundeep Kochar: Leo attention... To allow Company to return there immediately offered a truce the second city of the whims or these were! Decided to accept the offer and ordered the Governor of Bengal and gave rise a! Kolkata on Housing.com French against the British to experience the beauty of the Science city and Victoria Memorial, the... 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