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pearl river delta population growth

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The censuses included many categories of population variables, such as urban population, rural population, family size, fertility rate, infant mortality, life expectancy, rural to urban migration, and literacy. FIGURE 9-9 Gross power consumption of agricultural machinery per hectare of farmland, Dongguan, Huadu, and Zhongshan, 1980–1995. In the aftermath of the global financial crisis of 2008, China witnessed gradual shrinkage of cities in the Pearl River Delta (PRD). Due to the special hydrological characteristics of estuary, the Pearl River involving a large variety of species [22] [23] . By 2015, according to World Bank figures, it had become the world's largest urban area in both size and population. The many new township enterprises that had emerged in the region had been emitting large quantities of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide into the air, acidifying the soil. We live in an increasingly urbanized world. View our suggested citation for this chapter. This rapid population growth and the government policies for development of the region that inspired them have served as key forces driving. At the same time, cities faced the problem of providing in-migrants with. The total permanent population of the Delta region has grown at a substantially faster rate than populations elsewhere in China ( Chapter 8. FIGURE 9-13 Vegetable land, Huadu, Conghua, and Zengcheng counties, 1978–1988. FIGURE 9-4 Net migration rate, Pearl River Delta, 1980–1994. The effect of urbanization and climate change on the mosquito population in the Pearl River Delta … Growing Populations, Changing Landscapes explains how disparate government policies with unintended consequences and globalization effects that link local land-use changes to consumption patterns and labor policies in distant countries can be far more influential than simple numerical population increases. This growth, however, has been accompanied by environmental pollution. Basic Data of China's Population. The Pearl River Delta (PRD), one of the most representative areas of rapid urbanization in China, is characterized by export-oriented economy and “exo-urbanization.” Induced by the financial crisis of 2008, new spatial symptoms related to urban shrinkage, such as factory collapses, job losses, and vacant dwellings, were observed in this area. Pearl River Delta economy: an opportunity for all Before 1979, China's Pearl River Delta region was mostly agricultural land. SOURCES: Selected Yearbooks for subregions of Pearl River Delta, 1980–1995. The economic power of the Pearl River Delta is best reflected by the fact that although the region’s population is 5% of that of China, it produces more than 10% of its economic output, which would in itself make the area the 12th most powerful national economy, surpassing the economic power of Russia (1283.2 billion USD). Zeng Yi, and This development stemmed in part from rising incomes and in. China’s Pearl River Delta has overtaken Tokyo to become the largest urban area in the world in both size and population. 79(1):106-121. Ready to take your reading offline? Land Economics. In 2018, cities in the highest quarter of greenness range accommodated only 12% of the total city population; about 69% of the total population lived in areas with a lower greenness. . 35, No. Illustrating this trend, from 1978 to 1988 in the counties of Huadu, Conghua, Zengcheng, and Panyu,3 Also under this policy, each enterprise must deposit a certain sum of money in a fund managed by the Environmental Protection Bureau. Introduction. ~ enlarge ~ SOURCES: Statistical Yearbooks of Dongguan and Shenzhen (various years). These policies had large impacts on land use in Pearl River Delta—among them, a reduction in agricultural land. https://www.visualcapitalist.com/pearl-river-delta-megacity-2020 4. Importing Growth Management Strategies to Curb Urban Sprawl in the Pearl River Delta, China by Kelsey G. Moldenke B. S. Planning and Development University of Southern California, 1998 SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF URBAN STUDIES AND PLANNING IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER IN CITY PLANNING AT THE 1988 Looking at the Pearl River Delta from a global perspective and through an historical lens, what is now occurring there is similar to the industrial transformation that occurred 30 years ago in Japan. India's Urban Population Growth Is Mostly Driven By Migration India Has Been Urbanizing Rapidly In The Period Between 2000 And 2020 India Has A Primate Urban System Indian Cities Have Weak Municipal Governments Which Province Is The Major Destination For Migrants In China? The explosive growth the Pearl River Delta has upended the regional balance of power. At present, the Pearl Delta cities have a combined GDP of around $1.5 trillion, roughly equal to San Francisco Bay or South Korea. In 1995 its permanent population density was 743 persons per square kilo-, Conghua City, Guangzhou City, Huadu City, Panyu City, Zengcheng City. FIGURE 9-2 Total population, Pearl River Delta, 1970–1994. When the “baby boomers” of the 1960s reached employment age in 1980s, the result was a large number of surplus agricultural laborers. ~ enlarge ~ FIGURE 9-2 Total population, Pearl River Delta, 1970–1994. Second, the government has established and implemented laws aimed at protecting the environment. If not, the money is not returned and a fine is imposed. The second factor is that farmers were increasingly able to export their products outside the region. The difference between a member of the floating population and a migrant is that the member of the floating population does not change his or her household registration and the migrant does. The Pan Pearl River Delta (PPRD) Regional Co‐operation Framework Agreement was signed in 2004. These changes were mostly at the expense of farmland. In fact, just prior to the handover from the United Kingdom to China, the city’s economic output was equal to a quarter of China’s entire GDP. The change in farmland can be divided into two periods: the period before 1980 when farmland decreased relatively slowly, and the period after 1980 and particularly after 1990, when the rate of decline was more significant ( Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book. During that period, the average real rate of GDP growth in the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone exceeded 16 percent, well above the People's Republic of China national figure of 9.8 percent. The population growth rate was particularly high between 1985 and 2000, and the average population growth rate between 1990 and 1995 was 38.0%. They include construction of the 31-mile (50 km) Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge linking Hong Kong, Macau and the Pearl River Delta. Figure 9-12), while the portion of farmland devoted to vegetable crops increased, despite falling consumption ( 14, pp. The special economic zones were implemented by the Communist government as a virtual laboratory for experimentation with a free market economy. Figure 9-3). 2, pp. The natural growth rate (the difference between the crude birth rate and crude death rate) of the Delta area also is lower than those for Guangdong Province and China as a whole, and a declining population growth rate might have been expected because of implementation of the one-child policy. ~ enlarge ~ Zhuhai was an underdeveloped rural county before 1979, when, administratively, it became a municipality. SOURCES: Guangdong Statistical Bureau. Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name. [4], Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, National Development and Reform Commission, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, http://www.pacificshipper.com/news/article.asp?sid=33272<ype=transpacific, Economic profile for the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area, Grasping the large, letting go of the small, China Banknote Printing and Minting Corporation, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, State Administration for Industry and Commerce, China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement, Mainland and Macau Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement, Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pearl_River_Delta_Economic_Zone&oldid=999246980, Articles needing additional references from January 2008, All articles needing additional references, Articles with a promotional tone from December 2009, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text, Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 9 January 2021, at 05:56. Greening built-up areas in Pearl River Delta (PRD) and Yangtze River Delta (YRD) city clusters. The changing patterns of local food consumption mask two key factors associated with the shifts in crop production. FIGURE 9-14 Sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOX) emissions, Pearl River Delta, 1980–1994. Over the next 13 years, however, the proportion of farmland dropped, to 17.6 percent of total land area in 1995. This city was a seaport in the 4 th Century, and is now located well inland from the current Ebro river mouth. Population, Consumption, and Land Use in the Jitai Basin Region, Jiangxi Province, Population, Consumption, and Land Use in the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou Branch of Popular Science Press of China, Environment Science and Technology Press of China, Postdoctoral report, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Growing Populations, Changing Landscapes: Studies from India, China, and the United States, Part I. [2], The Pearl River Delta Economic Zone encompasses nearly 7000 square kilometers, 0.07 percent of China, with a population of 22 million people, 3.1 percent of the 2010 population of mainland China. Starting in 1979, Guangdong Province and the SEZs were given greater political and economic autonomy than other jurisdictions in the Chinese Mainland. More than 90 applications for the transfer of such factories have been rejected. Within the region, the more industrialized subregions attract the most migrants. Table 9-7). Job opportunities were available for some, but those with low education and skill levels in a time of rapid economic development found it difficult to find work. The following year, however, the landscape began to change. 4a and d) suggest that the PRD experienced significant population growth. This paper estimates econometric models of the socioeconomic drivers of land use change in the Pearl River Delta, China. pp. 29–33 In 1995, for example, the floating population of the Delta made up more than half of the floating population of Guangdong Province ( FIGURE 9-7 Farmland and net migration rate, Pearl River Delta, 1980–1994. Meanwhile, the portion of farmland devoted to grain crops in four counties of Guangdong Province fell from 1978 to 1988 ( Third, the government has invested substantially in increasing the capacity of the Zhuhai municipality to process wastewater, air pollution, and solid waste, and it has established a sophisticated environmental protection network and environmental protection offices at various administrative levels, right down to the townships and neighborhood committees. Zhuhai greatly benefits from being a special economic zone, whereas of the other municipalities, only Shenzhen benefits from that special status. Finding 5: The urbanization policy adopted in the Pearl River Delta alleviated to some extent the population pressures on urban areas by encouraging the rapid development of small towns so they could absorb many of the surplus rural laborers who otherwise would have settled in the larger urban centers. World Population Growth Visualized (1950-2100) In any large set of data, there are bound to be some interesting outliers. 340 cities (40.4%) from upper-middle-income countries (e.g. Figure 2.Annual growth rate of urban population in the Bay Area of the New York Bay Area and the Pearl River Delta Bay Area. All these steps have been effective at curbing pollution in the Zhuhai municipality. In fact, just prior to the handover from the United Kingdom to China, the city’s economic output was equal to a quarter of China’s entire GDP. FIGURE 9-8 Unit area grain yield, Dongguan and Shenzhen, 1949–1996. The Pearl River Delta grew from 4,500 square kilometres in 2000 to nearly 7,000 sq km in 2010, the analysis found. For example, during 1990–1995 in Zhuhai the average wastewater, air pollution emissions, and waste residue per capita were about 16.4, 15.3, and 53.4 percent lower, respectively, than the corresponding averages for the other five municipalities. Rural Urbanization in Guangdong's Pearl River Delta. SOURCES: Statistical Yearbooks of Dongguan, Foshan, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhongshan, and Zhuhai. FIGURE 9-7 Farmland and net migration rate, Pearl River Delta, 1980–1994. Soil quality in the Pearl River Delta has undergone complicated processes of change in the last decades, particularly paddy soil which has a long history and a broad range of quality in the Pearl River Delta. Registered in other places these findings expanded—by 82 percent from 1980 to 1994, reaching 0.6 kilometers square. Are used here to describe the process in the Delta region has a very different of... Brought by economic development beginning in 1978 to 103 kilograms in 1995 allowed market-oriented... Free PDF, if available 1990, almost 30 % of all foreign investment in China dioxide ( SO2 and... Of interest pearl river delta population growth they 're released very detailed demographic data on each municipality and some were... 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