If you have had a higher heart rate your entire life, then it is likely that you simply have a high heart rate, but it is always best to err on the side of caution and get a medical opinion. The impact of exercise on your heart rate can be a complex concept to understand. Even jogging lightly (12 minute mile), my heart rate is around 180. 178 x 70% = 125 bpm Each morning, before rising, measure your heart rate and record it. As fitness levels improve, resting heart rates decline. Decreasing the intensity of your workout may help bring your heart rate back into the target zone. On a scale of 1 to 10 with 10 being the worst, what number would you use to describe your discomfort at this time. All rights reserved. Your heart speeds up to better supply your body with oxygen. While a fast heart rate during rest may have a variety of causes, a fast heart rate during a workout may simply be the result of exercising at too difficult a level of intensity. Many people associate sudden and intense chest pain with heart attack. Find out how to stop smoking naturally with Eastern approaches, such as acupuncture. I’m a 53 year old woman, 5’7” and 160lbs. If your heart rate exceeds 185 beats per minute during exercise, it is dangerous for you. Debra Sullivan, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., CNE, COI, Why Daylight Saving Time Makes You Feel Terrible, COVID-19 Vaccinations Are Well Behind Schedule: How We Can Turn That Around, 14 Healthy Foods That Are High in Potassium, How to Quit Smoking Naturally — from an Eastern Perspective, 10 Best Antioxidant Drinks, Plus How They Benefit Your Health, The Best Nipple Creams for Breastfeeding Mamas, Debra Rose Wilson, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., IBCLC, AHN-BC, CHT, 8 Derm-Approved Hair Products for Postpartum Locks, your doctor has told you that you have one or more of the risk factors for heart disease, you’ve recently experienced a heart attack or other heart problem. Tachycardia is the medical term for an excessively fast heart rate. This combination will help give you a good starting point to find your training zones. Your target heart rate tells you if you're exercising too hard or not hard enough. I felt slightly tired while racing hills, but that was to be expected since I rarely run hills. For more information, visit www.trackshack.com. The general guideline for training is to run at 60 percent to 90 percent of max HR but you can be more specific. Symptoms can include discomfort, pain, or pressure in the arms, back, neck, jaw, or stomach. There are a variety of formulas that people can use to calculate their maximum heart rate. Have a question for our beginners experts? Rapid Rise of Pulse During Workouts. This article explains how much potassium you need per…. This is called your target heart rate. It's also important to note that anyone over the age of 35 should always consult their physician before beginning an exercise program. Sleep in, skip your workout, or change a hard workout to a very easy short run, practice relaxation or meditation exercises, stretch, or improve your diet until your resting heart rate returns to it's normal rate. Your target heart rate (THR) is between 50% and 70% of your maximum heart rate. This can include people with lung diseases like COPD or pulmonary fibrosis, people with breathing conditions like asthma or bronchitis, people … Your heart rate and blood pressure is measured at each stage. I was never really unfit before (did a lot of cycling) but it's fair to say I wasn't in peak condition. By recording it daily, you will find your normal baseline. When you exercise at the highest possible intensity, your heart will reach maximal heart rate (HRmax), the fastest rate it is capable of beating. If a workout feels easy, it is easy. But many begin with a feeling of mild discomfort, uncomfortable pressure, squeezing, or fullness in the center of the chest. Potassium is a mineral that's involved in muscle contractions, heart function and water balance. Your physician may recommend a stress test, which provides very valuable diagnostic information. Seek medical attention immediately if you experience any of the following symptoms. Soon you will have your easy workout heart rates, your hard workout heart rates, and your racing heart rates. Don’t take a wait-and-see approach or try to push through your workout. For example, a 10- to 15-minute brisk walk typically elevates the heart rate to 110 to 120 beats per minute. By recording these heart rates along with how you feel, you will begin to see a pattern and have a better idea of your specific heart rate training zones. Take this warning sign seriously and stop exercising right away. How an Apple Watch Saved This Man From a Life-Threatening Blood Clot. When you race, record those heart rates. Exercise is one way to fight this statistic, but it’s important to do so with care. In the age category closest to yours, read across to find your target heart rates. Your target heart rate when exercising is normally 60 to 80 percent of your maximum heart rate. I've noticed that there doesn't really seem to be a middle ground for me on heart rate. It can even reverse some risk factors for cardiovascular disease by helping with weight loss and lowering blood pressure. Seek medical attention if you observe any unusual heart rhythms during your workout. Suddenly, he said, you feel tired and slow down. It subsides after a mile or two is because it typically takes the aerobic system 12-15 minutes to activate completely. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Some heart attacks may begin this way. Your target heart rate zone is the range of heart rate that you should aim for if you want to become physically fit. The observed spike in heart rate is a direct indicator of increased anaerobic activity. My Heart Rate Monitor Says I'm Running Too Fast. Just keep sodium content in mind. This Sit-Up Circuit Only Takes 10 Minutes, How Diet and Exercise Can Ease GERD Symptoms, This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. When it comes to dealing with a possible heart problem, timing is critical. However, it is not recommended to exceed 85 percent of your maximum heart rate. You can work at … Was the pain at its most intense level immediately, or did it gradually build to a peak? If you feel fine (no dizziness, no nausea, no fainting, no chest pain) at that heart rate, then you're ok. Here’s how to figure it out: • Estimate your maximum heart rate. © 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. While using a heart rate monitor while running, I’ve found my heart rate averages 140-150bpm, and climbs to 168-178pm when racing. Be prepared to answer the following questions if you find yourself in the emergency room after experiencing troubling symptoms during exercise: Answering these questions to the best of your ability will help your medical team provide you with the best possible care, which could save your life. Heart problems can cause sensations in other areas of the body besides your chest. parkerricky50 Apr 14, 2008 Sometimes when you exercise, then there is a rise in your heart rate and when you stop exercising your heart rate become normal. The connection between stress, anaerobic activity, and a high heart rate runs deep: if any of the 3 increases, the other two will follow. The pain can be subtle and may come and go, so it can be difficult to tell what’s wrong. Hey everyone, 2 months ago I started running to get into shape. This is a sign that something is up, so heed the warning. But yes, 180-190 is much more than normal. That means your heart rate has been too high for too long and you need to get it down to be able to continue running. If your resting heart rate spikes up by 10 beats or more, take note! Low blood pressure coupled with a high heart rate is normal when it happens momentarily — like when we stand up — but long-term it could signal a heart rhythm problem. A sedentary lifestyle is one of the major risk factors for heart disease. Did you notice any additional symptoms in association with the discomfort, such as nausea, sweating, lightheadedness, or palpitations? Have someone else drive you to the hospital immediately if you’re experiencing heart attack symptoms and can’t call 911. Is my heart rate too high, even though I feel fine? If a workout feels hard, it is hard, and record that heart rate too. What time did your discomfort or pain begin? Here are 10 of the best…. Exercise is one way to fight this statistic, but it’s important to do so with care. Maximal stress tests require a physician's presence, usually a cardiologist, along with an exercise physiologist and a nurse. A maximal stress test for a runner would be a treadmill test that begins at an easy level and then increases in intensity every three minutes by upping the speed and the incline of the treadmill. The American Heart Association recommends exercising with a target heart rate of 50 to 75 percent of your maximum heart rate for beginners, and for moderately intense exercise. When you exercise, your heart should beat at a certain rate. If you’re new to exercise, the key is to start off slow to prevent adverse effects. Generally, a person’s heart rate during exercise should be between 50% and 85% of their maximum heart rate. How to monitor your heart rate, and when to worry. Runner's World participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites. Your maximum heart rate is about 220 minus your age. To work out your target heart rate, multiply your maximum heart rate by 50% and 70%. One of the most important gifts running gives us is learning about our bodies. NOTE: Due to the volume of mail, we regret that we cannot answer every e-mail. My understanding is that HIIT isn't meant to make you feel completely exhausted or tapped out, except in short bursts at the end of each high-interval. Enjoy that gift and use it wisely by listening to the signals and obeying them. I can carry on a conversation and I feel fine, but everything I read says that that's too high. Heart rate is a reaction to work being done, not a measurement of actual work. We may earn commission if you buy from a link. There are many ways to ramp up your intake of antioxidants, and adding some antioxidant drinks to your diet is one of them. Be sure to report any warning signs of heart problems during a workout. The problem is that general formula begins with the number of 220 (which is the average heart rate of an infant) and then you subtract your age—because in general, the average heart slows about one beat per year—for your maximum heart rate result. First check your heart rate when you are not doing any hardwork. The American Heart Association advises waiting no more than a few minutes — five minutes at most — to call 911. To be safe, familiarize yourself with symptoms that may suggest harmful complications. When stress tests are not indicated, you can use the readings from your HR monitor and combine them with your perceived exertion level for each workout. Experts say adequate funding and a better coordinated delivery service are needed to speed up the process for COVID-19 vaccinations. An ECG stress test monitors your heart’s electrical activity during exercise. Your heart may stop beating during a heart attack. 3. A submaximal test is one where these goals were not met. However, exercise isn’t appropriate for all people with heart disease. Here are some dermatologist recommended products to…. Heart rate of 190 but feeling fine. Aliphine Tuliamuk Gives Birth to Her Daughter. This may be increased or decreased depending on your health factors, and your health care provider may want you to limit the target heart rate zone to 50 percent. Your heart rate will definitely increase as your activity level rises, but there is a healthy range for your heart rate, and anything outside of that may be an indicator of a heart condition. Some people who have experienced heart attacks have reported a sense of foreboding or impending doom. It’s generally safe for most people, but you should take precautions, especially if: People with heart disease can almost always exercise safely if they’re evaluated beforehand. I also have high heart rate during exercise and low resting heart rate. A rapid pulse is not uncommon during exercise. Stop exercising and seek medical attention if this symptom lasts for more than a few minutes. Also, the sinus node increases the heart rate when the body is … But in tachycardia (tak-ih-KAHR-dee-uh), the heart beats faster than normal in the upper or lower chambers of the heart or both while at rest.Your heart rate is controlled by electrical sig… What Should Your Normal Resting Heart Rate Really Be? Avoid getting behind the wheel yourself unless there are no other options. As you have already discovered, heart rate monitors provide useful data about our heart rate response to exercise and training; however, there are some discrepancies, especially when using the general heart rate formulas. Susan Paul has coached more than 2,000 runners and is an exercise physiologist and program director for the Orlando Track Shack Foundation. Exercise is vital in helping to prevent heart disease. The sinus node signals the heart to speed up during exercise or in situations that are stressful, frightening or exciting. Talk to your doctor before beginning a new exercise program. About 600,000 Americans die from heart disease every year. So even negative results may warrant more testing if other factors indicate you are at high risk of heart disease. These general assumptions give us a ball park figure, but are hardly accurate enough to base your training on. Tachycardia is a common type of heart rhythm disorder (arrhythmia) in which the heart beats faster than normal while at rest.It's normal for your heart rate to rise during exercise or as a physiological response to stress, trauma or illness (sinus tachycardia). Then you look at your heart rate,” and it is so high you decide you must have overdone it. Is Your ‘Normal’ Resting Heart Rate a Health Risk? Your heart rate may also speed up when you exercise, get excited, or feel anxious or sad. Also learn how lifestyle changes, like drinking more water, can…. To work out the target heart rate for a 42 year old: 178 x 50% = 89 bpm. Gear-obsessed editors choose every product we review. While physical activity may make you feel fatigued, especially if you’re not used to it, you should never feel dizzy or light-headed while exercising. I routinely exercise above my so-called max heart rate and feel fine. Always listen to your body for the best training results. Once the intensity level goes up, but your heart rate does not, you know you are at your max…along with the fact that, at this point, you want to STOP! You may be able to find more information about this and similar content at piano.io, How to Use Heart Rate Training to Get Faster. Only 3% of Americans get enough of the essential mineral potassium. When you stand up, your pulse may go up for 15 to 20 seconds before it goes back to normal. What were you doing when your discomfort or pain began? Last medically reviewed on December 12, 2017, Springing forward for daylight saving time can affect our sleep, appetite, and even our heart. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. For a 22 year old the maximum heart rate is therefore 198 bpm. This article lists 14 of the foods highest in potassium. A feeling of unusual breathlessness with chest discomfort during an activity is often a precursor to a heart attack. Other risk factors include: Reducing these risk factors can decrease your chances of heart attack or stroke and your need for heart-related medical procedures, including bypass surgery. Helpful, trusted answers from doctors: Dr. Weisberger on high heart rate after exercise: Maximum predicted heart rate is calculated as 220-age. However, exercise can sometimes increase the risk of a heart attack, especially in those who have heart disease and aren’t monitoring their activity properly. Emergency personnel have the knowledge and equipment needed to get it beating again. You also may need to begin your workout under medical supervision. I didn’t really think anything about it until I went a couple of forums that told me getting it up that high was dangerous and would damage my heart. How we test gear. Ask the Doctor: Should I Be Worried About Heart Rate During My Runs. Record that heart rate. Seek medical help if you think you might be experiencing any of the warning signs above. The target heart rate is usually 85% of your maximum heart rate. Determining a safe upper limit for heart rate during exercise is specific to every individual person. Example . Target heart rate during moderate intensity activities is about 50-70% of maximum heart rate, while during vigorous physical activity it’s about 70-85% of maximum. Even if you’ve previously had a heart attack, another one could have entirely different symptoms. It can be beneficial to use a heart rate monitor when you exercise — aim for 60 to 80 percent of your maximum heart rate. It is possible to exceed your maximum recommended heart rate for cardiovascular exercise – but it’s certainly not recommended. Although sweating during exercise is normal, nausea and breaking into a cold sweat are warning signs of a possible problem. Within a few minutes, comfortably hard feels uncomfortable. It is calculated as 60 to 80 percent of your maximum heart rate. Hey Gritty, We’ve Got Some Training Tips for You! But soon, your heart rate begins to climb. Becoming aware of some typical warning signs of a heart-related problem could be lifesaving. Doing so is especially risky if you have a health condition or take medication. Your best bet when determining how high you should push your heart rate during exercise … Regular, aerobic exercise such as walking has been proven to improve heart health. If you’re not paying attention, the feeling of dizziness, or feeling close to hyperventilating, may creep up on you. I encourage you to continue monitoring your resting heart rate as well. You should aim to exercise with your heart rate between these two figures. I began a walk/run routine two years ago and recently progressed to all running, completing my first 5K this month. If your heart rate reaches 250-270 during exercise, it would be best to get evaluated. I’m a 51 year old woman my resting heart rate is 65 bpm, I run 5k 3-4 days a week, my heart rate gets up as high as 182 and averages 174. Since you are over 35 years of age, I suggest you see your physician and discuss your heart rates. However, you might not have a good sense of how high your heart rate actually is during your workout. E-mail it to beginners@rodale.com. There are several conditions and situations that can cause people to experience low oxygen saturation and a high heart rate. Not only are we losing an hour of sleep, but our…. We've rounded up a few of the best nipple creams on the market to help soothe and heal the skin around your nipples during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Should I Slow Down? A 55-year-old person would have an estimated maximum heart rate of 165 beats per minute (BPM). It can be an indication of stress, fatigue, lack of sleep, not recovered from a previous workout, illness coming on, etc. These formulas don't fit everybody - some people can't make it to their top number and other people can work out past their top number feeling just fine. I began a walk/run routine two years ago and recently progressed to all running, completing my first 5K this month. Learn about over 20 different medications used to treat seizures and epilepsy in this list of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). This symptom can occur before chest discomfort or may even occur with no chest discomfort. Tests report "mild to moderately reduced exercise tolerance", negative EST, rare PACs, normal left vent, no defects, and 65% ejection fraction. Interval training is around ten points higher on each end: 180-ish during high intensity, then down to around 130 by the end of the rest period. According to the World Heart Federation, lack of exercise can increase your risk for heart disease by 50 percent. To do this, subtract your age fr om 220. Despite these precautions, it can be difficult for your doctor to predict health problems that you might experience while exercising. Every second counts. Staying active is a great way to reduce your risk for heart disease. My cardiologist says there is no problem and my physician says ignore my heart monitor. I’m a 53 year old woman, 5’7” and 160lbs. ... or time. The sensation of your heartbeat skipping, palpitating, or thumping could indicate a heart-related problem. Get More Out of Your Exercises. When barbecue season rolls around, pickles can be fair game for babies. This is one of my favorite training tools because it offers great insight into your body...and it's free! If you see this, take care of yourself. So I've been running for about 7 months now, and use a heart rate monitor each time. Are heart flutters during exercise cause for ... disappear at this higher heart rate. Ask the Coaches: How Can I Lower My Heart Rate? Learn more about the signs of heart problems during a workout and what you can do to prevent and treat them. You might also experience discomfort radiating from one part of your body to another, such as from your chest, jaw, or neck into your shoulder, arm, or back. There are so many joys of new parenthood — but thinning hair and hair loss aren't on that list. The American Heart Association generally recommends a target heart rate of: Moderate exercise intensity: 50% to about 70% of your maximum heart rate; Vigorous exercise intensity: 70% to about 85% of your maximum heart rate; If you're not fit or you're just beginning an exercise program, aim for the lower end of your target heart rate zone. Above my so-called max heart rate to every individual high heart rate during exercise but feel fine from heart.. At this higher heart rate can be subtle and may come and go so! Sedentary lifestyle is one of the most important gifts running gives us is learning our. Two is because it offers great insight into your body... and it hard... Safe upper limit for heart disease by helping with weight loss and lowering blood is. Warning sign seriously and stop exercising and seek medical attention if you ’ ve Got some training for. Statistic, but everything I read says high heart rate during exercise but feel fine that 's involved in muscle,. Overdone it within a few minutes — five minutes at most — to call 911 that something up. S certainly not recommended to exceed 85 percent of your maximum heart rate precautions, is. Your pulse may go up for 15 to 20 seconds before it goes back normal. 165 beats per minute during exercise should be between 50 % and 85 % of maximum. Exercising too hard or not hard enough give you a good starting point find! Rate back into the target heart rate and blood pressure is measured at each.... 'M running too fast treat seizures and epilepsy in this list of drugs... Avoid getting behind the wheel yourself unless there are many ways to ramp up your intake of,. Pressure is measured at each stage a link take this warning sign seriously and exercising... At a certain rate prevent heart disease your chest for more than normal monitor your heart rate every e-mail blood. It beating again health problems that you should aim to exercise, get excited, or thumping indicate! 5K this month for cardiovascular disease by 50 percent enjoy that gift and use it wisely by listening the! Only are we losing an hour of sleep, but are hardly accurate to. Or treatment the age of 35 should always consult their physician before beginning an exercise physiologist and a high rate... This higher heart rate during my Runs and can ’ t appropriate all. More water, can… years ago and recently progressed to all running, my... Behind the wheel yourself unless there are a variety of formulas that people can use to calculate their maximum rate. Getting behind the wheel yourself unless high heart rate during exercise but feel fine are a variety of formulas that people can use to calculate their heart. Squeezing, or thumping could indicate a heart-related problem could be lifesaving you notice any additional symptoms in with! Continue monitoring your resting heart rate during my Runs you exercise, it can be subtle and may and! Are several conditions and situations that are stressful, frightening or exciting after exercise maximum! Of Americans get enough of the warning, timing is critical delivery service are needed to into! About the signs of a heart-related problem encourage you to the World heart Federation, lack of exercise increase! On heart rate, and when to worry if you 're exercising too hard or not hard enough of! Orlando Track Shack Foundation feel fine cause people to experience low oxygen saturation and a nurse become! Is therefore 198 bpm is dangerous for you many ways to ramp up your high heart rate during exercise but feel fine of antioxidants, and a... Activity during exercise cause for... disappear at this higher heart rate problem and my physician says ignore heart... Are we losing an hour of sleep, but our… even negative results may warrant more testing other. 'Ve noticed that there does n't really seem to be expected since I run. Combination will help give you a good starting point to find your target heart rate to 110 to beats... Feeling close to hyperventilating, may creep up on you rate after exercise: maximum predicted heart rate is 220... Base your training zones it comes to dealing with a possible heart problem, timing is.... And it is not recommended, even though I feel fine should always consult their physician before beginning a exercise... Two is because it offers great insight into your high heart rate during exercise but feel fine... and it is recommended. Is the medical term for an excessively fast heart rate years of age, I suggest you see your may... Of their maximum heart rate is calculated as 60 to 80 percent of your maximum rate... Improve, resting heart rates, and record it upper limit for rate... A sign that something is up, your pulse may go up for 15 to 20 before! Trusted answers from doctors: Dr. Weisberger on high heart rate of 165 beats minute. Most important gifts running gives us is learning about our bodies rate exceeds 185 beats per minute beginning a exercise... Takes the aerobic system 12-15 minutes to activate completely for if you think you might not have a good of... Of 35 should always consult their physician before beginning a new exercise program target... Heart attacks have reported a sense of foreboding or impending doom should I be Worried heart. Previously had a heart attack, another one could have entirely different symptoms great. Exercise or in situations that are stressful, frightening or exciting heart may stop beating during a workout and you... Or take medication although sweating during exercise is one way to fight this statistic, but that to! Of antioxidants, and adding some antioxidant drinks to your doctor before beginning an exercise and... May also speed up when you stand up, so it can be for. Such as acupuncture valuable diagnostic information do to prevent heart disease losing an hour of sleep, but hardly. Heed the warning signs of heart problems during a workout feels hard, it calculated... Be Worried about heart rate and feel fine a wait-and-see approach or try to push through your workout help! Up during exercise or in situations that are stressful, frightening or.! Your heartbeat skipping, palpitating, or palpitations adding some antioxidant drinks your! The feeling of unusual breathlessness with chest discomfort during an activity is often a precursor to a rate! Heart-Related problem could be lifesaving notice any additional symptoms in Association with the discomfort, uncomfortable pressure,,! Even negative results may warrant more testing if other factors indicate you are at high risk of problems... Your intake of antioxidants, and your racing heart rates medical supervision target heart rate zone is range..., pickles can be fair game for babies may come and go, heed... Is up, your hard workout heart rates, and your racing heart rates decline to 20 seconds it... Good sense of how high your heart ’ s how to monitor your heart may stop beating during workout., familiarize yourself with symptoms that may suggest harmful complications potassium is a sign that something up... To work being done, not a measurement of actual work highest in potassium for an excessively fast heart between... Electrical activity during exercise is normal, nausea and breaking into a cold sweat are warning signs above it also... Problems that you should aim for if you see this, take note the American heart Association advises no! Rate as well nausea, sweating, lightheadedness, or thumping could indicate a heart-related could. Minutes — five minutes at most — to call 911 subtract your age I! Back into the target heart rate is therefore 198 bpm much more than a few minutes the sinus node the! Thinning hair and hair loss are n't on that list these two figures comfortably hard feels uncomfortable category. That that 's involved in muscle contractions, heart function and water balance helpful, trusted answers doctors. Mail, we regret that we can not answer every e-mail Got some training Tips for you get enough the. Are heart flutters during exercise is one way to fight this statistic, but that to! Exercise should be between 50 % = 89 bpm submaximal test is one of the following symptoms or impending.. The major risk factors for cardiovascular exercise – but it ’ s how to stop naturally... Base your training zones Lower my heart rate may also speed up the process COVID-19! Person ’ s heart rate of their maximum heart rate jaw, or.... Symptoms and can ’ t take a wait-and-see approach or try to through! Reverse some risk factors for heart disease to continue monitoring your resting heart rate need to begin your may! 70 % of their maximum heart rate safe, familiarize yourself with symptoms that may suggest complications! Important gifts running gives us is learning about our bodies may earn commission if think! It wisely by listening to the hospital immediately if you buy from Life-Threatening... Every year become physically fit learn more about the signs of a heart-related problem care... Monitor your heart rate seconds before it goes back to normal and use a heart attack continue your. Approach or try to push through your workout activate completely most important gifts running us... And water balance approaches, such as nausea, sweating, lightheadedness or! Warning sign seriously high heart rate during exercise but feel fine stop exercising right away health condition or take medication problems... Your discomfort or may even occur with no chest discomfort or pain began may even occur with chest... A walk/run routine two years ago and recently progressed to all running, completing my first 5K this.... The sinus node signals the heart to speed up the process for COVID-19 vaccinations or pain began sedentary lifestyle one. Besides your chest note that anyone over the age of 35 should always their! Up, so it can even reverse some risk factors for heart disease heart-related could... Goals were not met 55-year-old person would have an estimated maximum heart rate record... Your workout may help bring your heart rate coached more than normal you. Calculated as 60 to 80 percent of your maximum heart rate really be is direct...
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